Systematic Design of Instruction

There are numerous models of how to design effective instruction systematically. Many models share a core five steps: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE). When this process is followed, instruction focuses on learners and aims to minimize a performance gap. During the analysis phase, learners’ needs and background are considered, as are the goals of instruction. Instructional objectives and instructional media are determined during the design phase. Instructional materials are created during the development phase. During implementation, the instruction is conducted. Evaluation takes place throughout, as a formative component, as well as following the implementation as a summative evaluation. I applied several models of systematic design to projects completed for instructional technology courses. The projects are presented below.

Kemp Model: Life Sciences Glovebox

Training astronauts on the installation of the Life Sciences Glovebox provided an opportunity for an in-depth look at the systematic design of instruction. I created the following project keeping all the stages of the Kemp model of instructional design. The Kemp model is similar to ADDIE, although the steps of design and development are broken into more steps. For this project I conducted a needs assessment to determine astronauts’ backgrounds and learning styles. I designed a hands-on training course to familiarize astronauts with a piece of equipment, and the procedures to activate it, that was scheduled to fly on the International Space Station. The course included instructional strategies like demonstration, practice, and a scavenger hunt. Cognitive strategies, including aspects of Bloom’s taxonomy and Gagné’s events of instruction were also included throughout the instruction. Formative evaluation was built into the project, as was summative evaluation with all stakeholders. View the project here.

ADDIE Model: Creating a Design Document Template

For a class project, I was instructed to create a design document template that could be used by ABC Incorporated, an educational consulting firm. I created a template by following the ADDIE model: I analyzed the audience and existing design documents; I designed the structure and outline for the template; I developed a template and evaluated it with subject matter experts. The summary of the project is available here.